Nutrition
Senior Dog Nutrition
How nutritional needs change as dogs age — and what to look for in a senior diet.
Dogs are generally considered senior at age 7 (large breeds) or 10 (small breeds). Their metabolism slows, muscle mass declines, and many develop joint, kidney, or dental issues that diet can support.
Key nutritional targets
- Protein: Higher-quality, not lower. Older studies recommended restriction; current consensus is that healthy seniors need at least as much protein as adults to preserve muscle.
- Calories: 10–20% fewer than adult years if activity drops.
- Joint support: Glucosamine, chondroitin, omega-3 (EPA/DHA) from fish oil.
- Fiber: Helps regularity and weight management.
- Antioxidants: Vitamin E, C, and L-carnitine support cognition.
When to consider a prescription diet
- Diagnosed kidney disease — lower phosphorus, controlled protein.
- Heart disease — sodium-restricted, taurine-supplemented.
- Diabetes — high-fiber, low-glycemic.
- Severe arthritis — therapeutic joint diets with high omega-3 levels.
Practical tips
- Weigh your senior monthly — unexplained weight loss warrants a vet visit.
- Warm food slightly to enhance aroma for dogs with reduced appetite.
- Soften kibble with warm water for dogs with dental disease.
- Discuss supplements with your vet — don't stack joint products from multiple sources.